Also, the well-known Xcom program is usually employed for calculating X-ray and γ-ray attenuation coefficients and interaction cross-sections of different materials (El-Khayatt, 2010a, Kurudirek et al., 2009, Jalali and Mohammadi, 2007).

Hubbell and S. Seltzer Tables and graphs of computed photon mass attenuation coefficients and mass energy-absorption coefficients from 1 keV to 20 MeV are presented for all of the elements (Z = 1 to 92) and for 48 compounds and mixtures of radiological interest. These coefficients are basic quantities used in calculations of the penetration and the energy deposition by photons (x-ray, gamma-ray, bremsstrahlung) in biological, shielding, and other materials. Berger and J. Hubbell This database can be used to calculate photon cross sections for scattering, photoelectric absorption and pair production, as well as total attenuation coefficients, in any element, compound or mixture, at energies from 1 keV to 100 GeV. This is a web version of the PC based program XCOM (also called NIST Standard Reference Database 8 - XGAM). Hubbell This bibliography contains papers (1907-1995) reporting absolute measurements of photon (XUV, x-ray, gamma-ray, bremsstrahlung) total interaction cross sections or attenuation coefficients for the elements and some compounds used in a variety of medical, industrial, defense, and scientific applications.

The energy range covered is from 10 eV to 13.5 GeV. Chantler The primary interactions of x-rays with isolated atoms from Z = 1 (hydrogen) to Z = 92 (uranium) are described and computed within a self-consistent Dirac-Hartree-Fock framework. The results are provided over the energy range from either 1 eV or 10 eV to 433 keV, depending on the atom. Self-consistent values of the f1 and f2 components of the atomic scattering factors are tabulated, together with the photoelectric attenuation coefficient [ µ/ρ] PE and the K-shell component [ µ/ρ] K, the scattering attenuation coefficient [ µ/ρ] (coh + inc), the mass attenuation coefficient [ µ/ρ] tot, and the linear attenuation coefficient [ µ] tot, as functions of energy and wavelength.

Also, f2, [ µ/ρ] PE, [ µ/ρ] tot, and [ µ] tot are available for compounds. Deslattes, E. Kessler, Jr., P.

Indelicato, L. Lindroth, and J.

Anton This X-ray transition table provides the energies and wavelengths for the K and L transitions connecting energy levels having principal quantum numbers n = 1, 2, 3, and 4. The elements covered include Z = 10, neon to Z = 100, fermium. There are two unique features of this database: (1) all experimental values are on a scale consistent with the International System of measurement (the SI) and the numerical values are determined using constants from the most recent and (2) accurate theoretical estimates are included for all transitions.

(4) w i = n i A i ∑ i n i A i Where, A i is the atomic weight of the sample, n i is a number of formula units. Validation Applying the Monte Carlo method is the one of the best solution for the investigation of different complex material behaviors since experimental duplication of investigation is quite complicated. So, it is more suitable to apply some numerical methods such as Monte Carlo [ 12]. In this paper, a validation for input code was performed. On the other hand, WinXcom program was also used to calculate the gamma ray mass attenuation coefficients of the studied shielding materials.

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